Converter efficiency is monitored, so a failing catalyst sets a code before it announces itself at the tailpipe. An exhaust manifold that has cracked at the collector ticks when cold and quiets as it heats. An EGR valve that carbon-fouls causes a lean-condition misfire at light throttle that looks electrical until you check the valve. On diesel engines the aftertreatment side adds DEF injection and its own set of sensors, all of which are covered here.
Converters are certified for a specific engine family and are not interchangeable across displacement or emissions standard. Our listings name the engine and the federal or California certification, and the manifold listings include the gaskets and hardware needed to complete the job.